[hang]can not start sshd in cygwin

when invokes

/usr/sbin/sshd

gots error "/var/empty must be owned by root ..."

it occurs because that the owner of /var/empty and LogOn account of
Microsoft's services (services.msc) is not consistent

$ ls -ld /var/empty
drwxr-xr-x+ 2 root Administrators 0 Nov 23 22:58 /var/empty

$ sc qc sshd
[SC] QueryServiceConfig SUCCESS

SERVICE_NAME: sshd
TYPE : 10 WIN32_OWN_PROCESS
START_TYPE : 2 AUTO_START
ERROR_CONTROL : 1 NORMAL
BINARY_PATH_NAME : e:\pkg\cygwin\bin\cygrunsrv.exe
LOAD_ORDER_GROUP :
TAG : 0
DISPLAY_NAME : CYGWIN sshd
DEPENDENCIES : tcpip
SERVICE_START_NAME : LocalSystem

SERVICE_START_NAME(LocalSystem) and the owner(root) of /var/empty is consistent

[tip]Config SSH to login to remote without password

generate a keypair for SSH on your local computer whith ssh-keygen.

ssh-keygen

You will be prompt for a passphrase for that keypair. The keypair is
encrypted with that passphrase and saved in

~/.ssh/identity

and

~/.ssh/identity.pub

Copy the whole content of /root/.ssh/identity.pub (your public-key)
into $remote_user/.ssh/authorized_keys on the remote host.

Now you will be prompted for the passphrase of your public-key.

The easiest way to config SSH without password is giving a blank
passphrase (no passphrase use).

Now you can ssh to remote host without typing password.

For some secure reason you may use pssphrase to protect keypair.

The passphrase is normally a lot longer than a password! The advantage
you can get using the ssh-agent. It manages the passphrase during ssh
login.

ssh-agent

The ssh-agent is started now and gives you two environment-variables

$SSH_AUTH_SOCK and $SSH_AGENT_PID

With these variables the remote-sshd-daemon can connect your local
ssh-agent by using the socket-file in /tmp (in this example
/tmp/ssh-XXYqbMRe/agent.1065). The ssh-agent can now give the
passphrase to the remote host by using this socket (it is of course an
encrypted transfer)!

You just have to add your public-key to the ssh-agent with the ssh-add command.

ssh-add

Now you should be able to login using ssh to the remote host without
being prompted for a passwod!

You could add the ssh-agent and ssh-add commands in your
login-profile e.g.

eval `ssh-agent`

ssh-add

Now it is started when you login on your local workstation. You have
done it! I wish you secure logins now.

Reference:

http://howto.x-tend.be/openMosix-HOWTO/x1205.html

[man]APT-howto

http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/apt-howto/

Abstract

This document intends to provide the user with a good understanding of the workings of the Debian package management utility, APT. Its goal is to make life easier for new Debian users and to help those who wish to deepen their understanding of the administration of this system. It was created for the Debian project in order to help improve the support available for users of this distribution.

---

Copyright Notice

Copyright © 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Gustavo Noronha Silva

This manual is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.

This is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but without any warranty; without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

A copy of the GNU General Public License is available as /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL in the Debian GNU/Linux distribution or on the World Wide Web at the GNU General Public Licence. You can also obtain it by writing to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.

---

Contents

• 1 Introduction
• 2 Basic Configuration
  • 2.1 The /etc/apt/sources.list file
  • 2.2 How to use APT locally
  • 2.3 Deciding which mirror is the best to include in the sources.list file: netselect, netselect-apt
  • 2.4 Adding a CD-ROM to the sources.list file
• 3 Managing packages
  • 3.1 Updating the list of available packages
  • 3.2 Installing packages
  • 3.3 Removing packages
  • 3.4 Upgrading packages
  • 3.5 Upgrading to a new release
  • 3.6 Removing unused package files: apt-get clean and autoclean
  • 3.7 Using APT with dselect
  • 3.8 How to keep a mixed system
  • 3.9 How to upgrade packages from specific versions of Debian
  • 3.10 How to keep specific versions of packages installed (complex)
• 4 Very useful helpers
  • 4.1 How to install locally compiled packages: equivs
  • 4.2 Removing unused locale files: localepurge
  • 4.3 How to know what packages may be upgraded
• 5 Getting information about packages.
  • 5.1 Discovering package names
  • 5.2 Using dpkg to find package names
  • 5.3 How to install packages "on demand"
  • 5.4 How to discover to which package a file belongs
  • 5.5 How to keep informed about the changes in the packages.
• 6 Working with source packages
  • 6.1 Downloading source packages
  • 6.2 Packages needed for compiling a source package
• 7 How to deal with errors
  • 7.1 Common errors
  • 7.2 Where can I find help?
• 8 What distributions support APT?
• 9 Credits
• 10 New versions of this tutorial

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Got it

today, i create it.